Glossary

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117-point inspection

GM's rigorous, factory-specified inspection process for new and certified used vehicles. This process examines 117 different systems and components to ensure that a particular vehicle is in a safe, reliable operating condition.

145-amp alternator

An engine-driven alternating-current generator producing up to 145 amperes of electrical output.

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2WD

Stands for: two-wheel drive; usually refers to a truck or SUV that is powered by its rear wheels only.

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3-point, all positions safety belts (rear)

Safety restraints, each consisting of a single continuous length of webbing for each of the rear passengers.

3-point, driver and right-front passenger safety belts (front)

Safety restraints, each consisting of a single continuous length of webbing for the driver and right-front passenger.

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40/20/40 split-bench front seat

40/20/40 split-bench front seat A front bench seat that's split into independently adjustable driver and passenger 40% sections and a 20% section for middle passengers.

4WD

Stands for: four-wheel drive; usually refers to a truck or SUV that is capable of driving all four wheels at the same time.

4-wheel antilock brake system with Dynamic Rear Proportioning

Designed to help drivers maintain steering control by reducing wheel lockup during hard braking on most slippery or dry surfaces. Dynamic Rear Proportioning was developed to help distribute brake force between the front and rear wheels, depending on how the car is loaded. This also helps reduce stopping distances, particularly when carrying heavy loads.

4-wheel independent Performance-Tuned Suspension

A suspension engineered to optimize and stabilize by letting each wheel react individually to road inputs. The result is an impressive, smooth-riding, comfortable sedan. Performance-Tuned Suspension is distinguished by larger stabilizer bars, stiffer springs and shocks and sport-specific suspension tuning.

4x4

Stands for: four-wheel drive; usually refers to a truck or SUV that is capable of driving all four wheels at the same time.

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60/40 split-folding rear seat

Seatbacks that fold down completely or split 60/40 to accommodate passengers or gear.

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8-way power driver and front passenger seats with 4-way power lumbar control

Designed to help you customize your seat position with various adjustments. The dual-firmness seat construction provides both comfort and stability.

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A-Arm

A triangle-shaped suspension control-arm device, with two points connected to the chassis and one to the wheel spindle. Control arms are sometimes called A-arms because from the top view, they are shaped like the letter A; also referred to as A-Frame.

Active front head restraints

Helps reduce the risk of neck injuries in rear-end collisions. If the force of a rear-end collision is sufficiently high, the head restraint is activated by the seat occupant's body weight. The head restraint then moves upward and forward to catch the head as it begins to move backwards.

Active Fuel Management™

Fuel-saving technology that enables an engine to seamlessly operate on only half its cylinders when full power is not needed, improving efficiency by as much as 12 percent (in some vehicles).

Adaptive Cruise Control

Intelligent cruise control system that actively monitors traffic ahead and automatically slows down your Cadillac if it is moving too close to the vehicle in front of it. The system accelerates the car back to its last speed setting when it is safe to do so, helping improve traffic flow.

Adaptive Forward Lighting

Turning with the steering wheel, the self-leveling headlamps provide illumination in the direction of steering through pivoting headlamps-up to 5 degrees in the direction of the turn from the inner lamp and 15 degrees from the outermost lamp-improving night driving vision.

Adaptive Remote Start

Remote device capable of starting a vehicle from up to 200 feet away, allowing the interior to be warmed or cooled by the climate control system, and will also heat the front seats prior to entering the vehicle.

Adaptive Suspension System

Suspension system that is able to change ride characteristics by continuously altering shock damping and ride height.

Aerodynamic drag

Consists of air pressure and surface friction. Streamlined aerodynamic designs help the air flow more easily around the car and reduce pressure drag. This is important to improve fuel efficiency and help a car achieve a high top speed.

Air filtration system

Part of the climate control system that filters dust and pollen out of the air before it enters the cabin.

Allowable Payload

The maximum load weight, which may be carried without exceeding the truck manufacturer's designated maximum rating, or some component rating or legal limit (such as axle capacity or legal axle hold limits).

All-season tires

Tires designed to provide good traction for a wide variety of road conditions, including rain, mud, and snow.

All-weather floor mats

Helps prevent mud, snow and other materials from damaging the vehicle's carpets.

All-wheel drive (AWD)

Type of four-wheel drive system that continuously modulates torque distribution, allowing all four wheels to be powered at all times.

Alternator

The alternator is the heart of the automobile's charging system necessary to provide the electrical energy that charges the battery and thus powers all the electrical components and systems on the automobile.

Aluminum engine cradle

"A lightweight, yet stiff, extruded-aluminum engine cradle helps to isolate road noise and powertrain vibration from the passenger compartment."

Aluminum high-flow cylinder heads

Engine cylinder heads made of aluminum for lighter weight and better heat dissipation, and featuring optimized ports for maximum volumetric efficiency.

Annual Percentage Rate (APR)

The cost of credit expressed as a yearly rate.

A-Pillar

The structural support on either side of the windshield, just ahead of the front doors.

Approach angle

When viewed from the side, this is the angle between the ground and a line running from the front tire to the lowest-hanging point directly in front of it, which is usually the front bumper. This angle gives an indication of how the vehicle can approach a steep incline and it's ability to climb up objects like rocks and other obstacles without damaging the front bumper.

Aspiration

Non-boosted engines are typically referred to as normally or naturally aspirated meaning that atmospheric pressure provides the air pressure to the intake system.

AudioPilot®

Bose® sound system noise-compensation technology continually reads the sound levels and automatically adjusts sound quality to compensate for ambient noise. Listeners enjoy the entire performance with no change in the overall quality of the sound.

Auto-dimming inside rearview mirror

Detects headlamp glare from the car behind you. The advanced electrochromic sensing technology dims the mirror to give you optimal rear vision.

Auto-dimming inside rearview mirror with compass

Detects headlamp glare from the car behind you. The advanced electrochromic sensing technology dims the mirror to give you optimal rear vision.

Automatic all-wheel drive

Type of four-wheel drive system that continuously monitors the traction of all four wheels. Before any wheelspin is detected, it automatically delivers power to the wheels that have the best traction. When the condition that could cause wheelspin ends, the system returns the power to the front wheels. You get the traction performance of all-wheel drive when you need it, and the fuel economy of two-wheel drive when you don't.

Automatic Level Control

Type of dynamic suspension system incorporating bi-state variable shock dampening and rear air-assisted load-leveling springs with automatic air level control. This results in a smoother, more comfortable ride in all load conditions, more consistent handling, better appearance (no tail dragging) and consistent headlamp and rearview mirror aim.

Automatic projector-beam headlamps

Wide, even coverage headlamp system that senses natural lighting, and responds by illuminating or turning-off automatically.

Auxiliary input jack

Allows you to plug-and-play an iPod® or standard MP3-player, and listen to (as well as control the volume of) digital music via your vehicle's audio system.

Axle ratio

Gear ratio of the differential gearbox. Typical automotive axle ratios are in the range of 2.71 up to 4.31. The higher the ratio, the faster the engine will rev at a particular vehicle speed.

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Battery-Rundown Protection

A feature that remembers when you don't. Battery-rundown protection automatically shuts off interior lights after the vehicle has been sitting with the engine off for a preset amount of time.

Bed Rug

Carpet composed of gray fiber that is able to resist many solvents and chemicals and is both water and stain-resistant.

Bi-functional High Intensity Discharge (HID) headlamps

Pivoting projector headlamps that utilize High Intensity Discharge bulbs to project light in a forward direction along a horizontal axis, providing sweeping lighting coverage.

Body Panels

Designed to enhance the vehicle's appearance by increasing exterior flushness and highlighting contour precision.

Body Roll

A condition in which a vehicle leans noticeably when going around a turn. Body roll is not only uncomfortable for passengers, it also causes two of a vehicle's tires to have less contact with the road, which reduces its ability to stop or steer.

Bore and stroke

The bore is the diameter of the engine cylinder. The stroke is the distance the piston travels. The bore is always stated first. The shorter the stroke the less the piston has to travel and the less internal friction there is in that travel, allowing for greater power. And also leading to less engine wear for a longer engine life.

Bose® Sound System

Factory-installed premium-quality Bose® sound system that uses eight strategically placed speakers in the interior of your vehicle to provide passengers with a rich sound experience.

B-Pillar

The structural support just behind the front door.

Breakover angle

This angle is a measurement of a vehicle's ability to drive over a sharp ridge without touching its underside. The "included" angle measures the angle inside the ramp, the "excluded" angle measures from the included angle to the vehicles horizontal. A shorter vehicle with large tires will have the best (largest) breakover angle. Most SUV's run around 20 degrees "excluded" breakover angle. As you can see, HUMMERs average much better.

Brembo disc brakes

Custom-designed, high-performance 4-piston caliper disc brakes designed to provide quick, smooth braking in high-performance and street driving. They are engineered with a floating disc mounting system and a billet aluminum hat to reduce "unsprung weight" for lower temperatures, better handling and diminished heat-related stress.

Budget

Tool commonly used to measure expenses against income. A written plan that helps people manage their money.

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Cargo Box

Refers to the inner sidewalls made from high-impact plastic that are durable enough to resist most scratches, dents and dings.

Cargo convenience net

Helps to secure smaller items in the rear compartment area.

Cargo cover

Cover that protects the cargo bed from water, snow, mud and debris. It opens and closes with a press of a button, and folds into place every time.

Cargo net

Netting made of stout fibers that secures to clamps in the trunk to keep cargo from shifting.

Cargo volume

The amount of space available for cargo.

Cargo-area lamp

Cargo light that turns on every time you open the trunk, making it easy to find whatever you need.

Cash rebate

A special payment from the manufacturer to the customer towards the purchase or lease of a new vehicle. Also called an "Incentive".

Center of Gravity

Point where the weight of the truck and payload appears to be concentrated and, if suspended at that point, would balance the front and rear.

Certification inspection

The first of several steps required for a vehicle to achieve GM Certified Status. The Certification Inspection is an in-depth check of key components on a particular used vehicle. To even be considered for a Certification Inspection, the vehicle must have a manufacture date no earlier than 2002, and fewer than 60,000 total miles.

Coil Over Shock

A suspension component that consists of a shock absorber inside a coil spring.

Coil-over suspension

Type of suspension geometry that places coil springs over concentrically mounted shock absorbers.

Compression ratio

The ratio of the cylinder volume enclosed by the piston at its outermost position to the volume enclosed by it at its innermost position. The power and economy of an engine increases as the compression ratio goes up (within reason).

Console

Storage area positioned between the driver and passenger seats allowing for storage of large or small items.

Constant Velocity Joint

Abbreviated CV joint. A flexible coupling between two shafts that typically is used in a vehicle's suspension. The CV joint allows each shaft to maintain a constant speed relative to the other, regardless of the angle that exists between their respective axles.

Content Theft Alarm

Theft-deterrent that sounds the vehicle's horn and flashes the headlamps when the vehicle is entered illegally.

Cornering brake control

Designed to help reduce the tendency to pull to one side when you turn and brake simultaneously.

Crawl ratio

The measurement of crawl ratio is determined by multiplying the 1st gear ratio, transfer case low range gear reduction, and final drive axle ratio. The higher the ratio number, the better the crawl ratio. A good 4WD should have a crawl ratio of 30:1 or better. Every gear ratio involved subsequently reduces the engine's rpm. The lower the crawl ratio is (numerically higher) the slower a vehicle can "crawl" in first gear and low range, and the higher the torque available at the wheels.

Credit application

A written request for credit.

Credit report

A report about you and your payment history gathered by a credit reporting agency in an organized manner.

Credit score

A numerical score that sums up-at a point in time-what your past and current credit usage predicts about your future credit performance based on statistics. The better your history of credit, the higher your score.

Crossmember

Structural unit that connects side rails of the frame.

Cruise control

Factory-installed system that automatically monitors and controls vehicle speed.

Curb weight

Weight of the vehicle empty (without payload and driver) but including engine fuel, coolant, engine oil, tools, spare tire, and all other standard equipment.

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Daytime Running Lamps

Reduced-intensity lamps on the front of vehicles that automatically illuminate when a vehicle is shifted into drive. They make the vehicle easier to see in a variety of daytime conditions including fog, rain, dusk, and bright sunlight.

Deflection Rate

The deflection rate of a spring is the force required to compress or deflect the spring a distance of one inch. For torsion springs, this distance is measured at the end of the control arm attached to the springs.

Deluxe overhead console

Overhead console featuring an array of comfort and convenience features, depending upon model.

Departure angle

The angle between the ground and a line running from the rear tire to the lowest-hanging point directly behind it, which is usually the rear bumper or trailer hitch. Similar to the approach angle, this angle indicates how the vehicle can depart a steep incline and it's ability to exit off of rocks and other obstacles without damaging the rear bumper.

Differential

(A) Standard Type- The gear assembly on the drive axle that permits the wheel to turn at different speeds. (B) No-Slip of Limited-Slip Type- A gear assembly on the drive axle that will not permit one wheel to spin while the other is motionless-such as when a truck is stuck in snow or mud. Torque is transmitted to both wheels of the driving axle.

Direct injection

Advanced engine technology that delivers fuel directly to the combustion chamber, helping to maximize power and improve fuel economy.

Disc Brakes

A brake assembly comprised of a disc, which rotates as the wheel turns. A caliper device grabs the disc to stop the wheel from rotating.

Displacement

The total cylindrical volume through which the pistons of an engine move from one end of the stroke to the other. It is generally a good indication of the power of the engine. The larger the displacement the greater the power potential (e.g., 5L is high, 1.5L is low).

Door sill plate

Stainless-steel step shields that help to protect the doorsill area from damage during entry and exit.

Down payment

In a financing transaction, the amount you put towards your vehicle purchase. Special low financing rates may require a minimum down payment.

Drivetrain

The assemblage of components that produce and transmit power to the pavement. It includes the engine, clutch, transmission, driveshaft, differential and driven axles.

Dual zone automatic climate control

Allows both the driver- and right-front passenger to set two independent temperature preferences. Once set at a specified temperature, the cabin is maintained at that temperature, making constant re-adjustment unnecessary.

Dual-stage driver and right-front passenger air bags⁴ with Passenger Sensing System

Dual-stage frontal air bags utilize sensors to help detect the severity of a crash, then determine if the air bags should be deployed and whether a full or less-than-full amount of inflation is to be used. In less severe crashes or when the seats are in the full-forward position, the air bags will deploy at less than full level. The Passenger Sensing System automatically switches the right-front passenger frontal air bag on or off based on the passenger's weight and the type of pressure on the seat.

Dual-zone automatic climate control

Allows both the driver- and right-front passenger to set two independent temperature preferences. Once set at a specified temperature, the cabin is maintained at that temperature, making constant readjustment unnecessary.

DVD Entertainment System

The integrated video system comes complete with a DVD player and an overhead, flip-down LCD color video monitor for viewing by rear-seat passengers. By simply folding the monitor down, rear-seat passengers can relax and enjoy on-road video entertainment. The system includes a remote control for rear passengers and two sets of wireless headphones.

DVD-based Navigation⁵ with voice recognition

System that uses a navigation CD to provide step-by-step driving directions and reliable information on the road. The navigation radio lets you select between routes using either the shortest route or the one that utilizes major roads. Voice recognition builds on the functionality of the standard navigation system by adding the ability to respond to up to 26 spoken commands.

Dynamic Rear Proportioning

This system modulates the rear brake pressure as needed to ensure that braking is balanced between the front and rear brakes. This helps balance wear and maximizes the utilization of the vehicle's front and rear brakes.

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Electric rear-window defogger

Rear-window defogger that uses an electrically heated grid to remove condensation from the glass.

Electronic Brake Assist

Engages sensors at the brake pedal and/or gas pedal to detect panic braking situations. In emergency situations when the system detects an abnormally fast application of the brake pedal, it applies full boost pressure to the brakes which helps decrease braking reaction times and stopping distances.

Electronic Brake-force Distribution

Electronic Brake Force Distribution was developed to help distribute brake force between the front and rear wheels, depending on how the car is loaded. This also helps reduce stopping distances, particularly when carrying heavy loads.

Electronic throttle control

Replaces the mechanical link between the accelerator pedal and engine with drive-by-wire electronic control. This allows for remarkably smooth and precise acceleration.

Emergency trunk release handle

Glow-in-the-dark handle that allows someone to release the latch from inside the trunk in the event of an emergency.

Emissions override

Vehicle option required when dealers order a 2008 model year emissions configuration that may not be legal for vehicle registration in the state in which the dealer is located. The dealer is responsible for verifying that the purchaser intends to register the vehicle in a state that permits the emissions configuration ordered by the dealer.

Energy-absorbing instrument panel

Instrument panel designed to help absorb impact energy in the event of a frontal crash.

Energy-absorbing steering column

Steering column designed to help absorb impact energy in the event of a frontal crash.

Engine block heater

Plug-in resistance heating element that warms the engine oil and coolant while the engine is turned off. This helps keep your engine block warm allowing for cold-weather starts.

Engine-immobilizing theft-deterrent

System that uses radio frequency technology to match the proper key to your car. This in turn disables the fuel pump, immobilizing the vehicle and deterring would-be thieves.

Enhanced Driver Information Center

Instrumentation that displays multi-lingual driver customization warning messages and vehicle information including outside temperature display, trip odometer and programmable menu functions.

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Flangeless wheels

Wheels designed without a ridge along the outer perimeter of the wheel. This allows the spokes to go flush to the wheel and enables the wheel weights to be placed on the inside instead of the outside. Flangeless design also makes for a cleaner overall wheel appearance.

FlexFuel engine

Engines capable of operating on either gasoline or E85-a blend of 85% ethanol and 15% gasoline-or a combination of both (E85 ethanol fuel is a cleaner-burning, renewable fuel source made primarily from U.S. grown biomaterial such as corn or other grain products).

Flangeless wheels

Wheels designed without a ridge along the outer perimeter of the wheel. This allows the spokes to go flush to the wheel and enables the wheel weights to be placed on the inside instead of the outside. Flangeless design also makes for a cleaner overall wheel appearance.

Foglamps

Designed to provide enhanced forward illumination in foggy or low-visibility weather conditions.

Fold-and-tumble second-row seats

Fold-and-tumble second-row seats have a seatback that folds forward to accommodate long, flat cargo, or they can pivot on their front mounts to tumble forward permitting maximum cargo capacity.

Four-way adjustable steering column

Steering column that adjusts up and down and telescopes in and out for maximum comfort.

Four-wheel independent suspension

Suspension system that allows each wheel to react independently from one another regardless of road types and conditions.

Front and rear crumple zones

Crumple zones to help absorb and channel the energy caused by front- or rear-end collisions to help maintain the integrity of the passenger compartment.

Front and rear hollow stabilizer bars with ball-joint links

Lightweight yet strong, stabilizer bars are attached to the lower control arms by ball-joint links. Stabilizer bars contribute to flat cornering and precise driver control.

Front brake cooling ducts

Hidden behind the front fascia, these ducts channel a cool air directly to your front brakes for more effective braking and longer brake life.

Front safety belts with pretensioners and energy-absorbing retractors

When the front safety belt system detects a collision, the pretensioners trigger to tighten the belts in a fraction of a second, reducing safety belt slack to help keep both driver and passenger properly restrained.

Front Suspension

An integral part of the total suspension system designed to keep the front axle and wheels in their proper position under the car body, typically of independent type.

Front track width

Distance between the two front tires, measured from their centers.

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Gear ratios

The number of revolutions made by a driving gear compared to the number of revolutions made by the driven gear.

GMAC Insurance

The GMAC Insurance Group is one of the largest property and casualty insurance companies in the United States and is part of GMAC Financial Services. The company provides a broad range of insurance and insurance-related products and services for individual consumers, as well as automotive dealerships and other businesses.

GMAC SmartEdge

An online financial education center available through GMAC that helps you manage your credit, live within your budget, and get SmartEdge certified.

Gross axle weight rating (GAWR)

The value specified by the manufacturer as the maximum design-loaded weight of a single vehicle.

Gross Combination Weight (GCW)

Represents the actual weight of a vehicle at the ground with a trailer, including vehicle, equipment, driver, passengers, fuel, and payload (everything that moves with the vehicle).

Gross vehicle weight (GVW)

Actual weight of the entire vehicle including all equipment, fuel, payload, driver, etc.

Gross vehicle weight rating (GWVR)

Maximum-rated weight capacity of a vehicle, including driver, passengers, and all cargo.

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Head Up Display

Holographic display which projects vital vehicle information onto the vehicle windshield, preventing drivers from having to take their eyes off the road to monitor gauges.

Head-curtain side air bags with rollover sensing system ⁴

Roof-mounted head curtain side air bags are designed to help reduce the risk of head and neck injuries to front and rear seat outboard occupants on the near-side of certain side-impact collisions.

Head-curtain side air bags⁴

Roof-mounted head curtain side air bags are designed to help reduce the risk of head and neck injuries to front and rear seat outboard occupants on the near-side of certain side-impact collisions.

Hitch-Trailering Package

Standard two-inch receiver designed to fit most ball-mount assemblers. Includes a wiring harness.

Horsepower (hp)

A measure of the rate at which work is done. The higher the horsepower (hp) at the lower the rpm, the better acceleration that the vehicle has. HP is related to torque in that torque is also measured in relation to rpm's. The higher the torque, at the lower the rpm's, the better the pull to accelerate.

Hydraulic power-assisted rack-and-pinion steering

Hydraulic power-assisted rack-and-pinion steering provides intuitive steering response for accurate maneuvering control.

Hydroformed Frame Rails

Frame rails formed by the action of water under extreme pressure. This type of metal forming allows complex bends and shapes without weakening the steel.

Hydroformed frame rails and stamped steel chassis

Full-length hydroformed frame rails, enclosed driveshaft tunnel and stamped steel chassis add strength and rigidity for responsive handling as well as durable crashworthiness.

Incentive

A special payment from the manufacturer to the customer towards the purchase or lease of a new vehicle. Also called a "Cash rebate".

IntelliBeam headlamps

Headlamps that switch from high- to low-beam at night when an oncoming car approaches by responding to a digital sensor that detects oncoming light.

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Incentive

A special payment from the manufacturer to the customer towards the purchase or lease of a new vehicle. Also called a "Cash rebate".

IntelliBeam headlamps

Headlamps that switch from high- to low-beam at night when an oncoming car approaches by responding to a digital sensor that detects oncoming light.

Interior ambient lighting

Warm, soft lighting from overhead and within the door pockets add a level of refinement to the vehicle's interior.

Iridium-tip spark plugs

The trace metal Iridium in the electrode of the spark plugs provide for greater resistance to fouling and improved electrical properties.

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Keyless Access system

Allows for one-touch locking and unlocking of the vehicle. The system also features a panic button that activates the horn, a content theft alarm, activation verification and illuminated entry.

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Lane Departure Warning

A safety system that warns a driver when the vehicle begins to move out of its lane (unless a turn signal is on in that direction) on freeways and arterial roads.

Lateral Acceleration

The centrifugal force that tends to push a vehicle sideways toward the outside of a turn.

Lease agreement

An agreement between the owner of the property (lessor) and the user (lessee) for the use of a leased vehicle subject to stated terms and conditions for a certain length of time and for an agreed upon payment.

Leather-appointed seats

Soft and supple small-grain leather-appointed upholstery.

LED backlit instrumentation

Bold and even illumination of the speedometer, temperature and fuel gauges, and tachometer.

Limited slip differential

Rear-wheel slippage detection system allowing for traction on snow, mud, wet boat ramps and ice. If one of the rear wheels has traction while the other does not, power is sent to the wheel with traction in order to move the vehicle.

Load-Shift Protection

Helps reduce the risk of passenger injury. Its hard backing and positive latching system are designed to help prevent cargo in the trunk from moving forward into the passenger compartment during a frontal collision.

Locking rear differential

Rear-wheel slippage detection system allowing for traction on snow, mud, wet boat ramps and ice. If one of the rear wheels has traction while the other does not, power is sent to the wheel with traction in order to move the vehicle.

Lockout protection

Safety feature that prevents the vehicle from being locked when the keys are in the ignition.

Long-life pistons

Feature a special coating that reduces piston-to-cylinder friction and associated wear.

Lower Anchors and Top tethers for CHildren (LATCH) in second row seating positions

Engineered to secure today's child-safety seats, as well as next-generation child-restraint equipment.

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Magnasteer II™ steering

Advanced steering system that actively varies the amount of power-assist to a driver’s steering input depending on speed, providing improved road feel and greater driver control and stability. At higher speeds, Magnasteer decreases the amount of power-assist, demanding higher steering effort from the driver.

Magnetic Ride Control

A vehicle suspension control system that adjusts shock-absorber damping in real time by means of electromagnetically charged particles contained within the shock fluid. When exposed to a magnetic charge, the fluid properties change, forming a near-solid state. With wheel position sensors at each wheel, the system literally reads and responds to every inch of the road, immediately adjusts the damper force on each wheel and responds to changing road and driving conditions.

Leather-appointed seats

Soft and supple small-grain leather-appointed upholstery.

Maximum boost pressure

The additional amount of pressure supplied to the intake system produced by a turbocharger or blower.

Maximum torque

The measure of a force-producing tension and rotation around an axis.

Maximum trailer weight

Maximum weight the vehicle can tow. Also known as tow limits or tow ratings.

Memory Package

Luxury package that stores memory presets for two drivers. Upon entering your Cadillac, seat position, outside mirrors, steering wheel, audio and temperature settings instantly adjust to your preferences with the click of a button, which is made possible by the integrated on-board computer network.

Memory settings

Seat memory presets for two drivers. Memory presets for driver's seat position, outside mirrors, steering wheel, audio and temperature settings instantly adjust to your preferences with the click of a button.

Midgate panel

Retractable divider between the cargo bed and the passenger cabin that folds flat to provide up to 8 cubic feet of uninterrupted cargo space.

Mileage limits

The number of miles per year agreed upon in the lease agreement - usually 12,000 to 15,000 miles.

Model Weight

Weight of the vehicle with all items of standard equipment. 150 lb. per passenger in each designated seating position, and maximum capacity of fuel, oil and coolant.

Mileage limits

The number of miles per year agreed upon in the lease agreement ' usually 12,000 to 15,000 miles.

MSRP

Manufacturer's Suggested Retail Price. Sometimes referred to as "sticker price," MSRP represents the manufacturer's recommended retail selling price for a particular vehicle at a particular trim level.

Multi-point vehicle inspection

A comprehensive vehicle inspection, performed by a qualified dealership, that evaluates multiple "points" on a particular vehicle such as: the engine, transmission, safety equipment, and tires.

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Nd woofer

Premium-quality dynamic Bose® loudspeaker incorporated into your vehicle's Bose sound system that reproduces bass frequencies with unusual richness and depth.

Normal wear

Normal wear is the minor and reasonable wear a vehicle endures in everyday, ordinary operation. Normal wear can include removable stains, paint scratches that can be buffed out during reconditioning, or tire treads worn to 1/8" depth or more at the shallowest point.

Northstar V8 engine

Eight-cylinder engine with the highest horsepower rating of any Cadillac engine to date. Its specific output of 100-horsepower-per-liter makes it one of the world's highest specific output production V-8 engines.

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Oil Life Monitor System

Works to reduce the number of unnecessary oil changes-and extend oil life-by tracking key engine parameters such as temperature, driver use and total number of engine revolutions.

One-button, power retractable hardtop roof

Clean-line, retractable roof on a Cadillac convertible made of strong, rigid material that folds back automatically with the push of a button so that the passenger compartment is exposed to open air.

OnStar®6

OnStar is the in-vehicle safety and security system created to help protect you and your family on the road. OnStar's innovative three-button system offers 24-hour access to expertly trained, caring Advisors, connection to emergency assistance, and access to OnStar Hands-Free Calling,7 among other features.

Overdrive Transmission

A transmission in which the high gear ratio is less than one to one. This permits the truck, under favorable conditions, to maintain a higher road speed with any given engine speed or a given road speed at a lower engine rpm.

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Passenger Sensing System

System that automatically switches the right-front passenger air bag on or off based on the passenger's weight and the type of pressure on the seat. A lighted indicator is located on the instrument panel.

PASS-Key III Plus Theft Deterrent System

PASS-Key III Plus theft-deterrent system includes a special ignition key with millions of code variations. If any attempt is made to start your vehicle without the properly coded key, the starter and fuel injectors are temporarily disabled.

Payload

The actual weight of cargo being carried, including packaging, etc.

Performance Algorithm Shifting

Feature that uses advanced algorithms to analyze your driving style and adjust shifting appropriately, mimicking the crisp shifts of a manual transmission.

Performance-Tuned Suspension

Suspension distinguished by larger stabilizer bars, stiffer springs and shocks and sport-specific suspension tuning.

Power adjustable brake and accelerator pedals

System that allows you to automatically adjust your pedals through easily accessible switches that adapt to your height and comfort zone, and ensure greater driving control.

Power liftgate

Electrical assist motor that permits one-touch opening and closing of the vehicle's rear liftgate.

Power tilt and telescoping steering wheel

Electrically assisted luxury-steering-wheel system that uses a tilt and telescoping function that adjusts perfectly and comfortably to each driver. It helps adjust the wheel by moving it in an up-and-down, back and forward motion.

Power windows with driver express-down

Windows that open via an electronic switch with the lowering of the driver-side window controlled by one touch.

Power, programmable door locks with lockout protection

Door locks that can be programmed to lock and unlock depending on parameters set by the driver. Lockout protection prevents the vehicle from being locked while the keys are in the ignition.

Power, tilt-sliding, electric sunroof

Sunroof that either slides open and shut or tilts up via an electronic switch.

Premium floor mats

Heavier weight carpeted floor mat with stitched edges and/or embroidery.

Projector-beam foglamps

Precisely formed lens helps evenly distribute light for improved visibility.

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Quiet Steel® Technology

This advancement in sound damping utilizes two pieces of steel with a middle layer of visco-elastic material - a key component in minimizing exterior sounds from entering the passenger compartment.

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RainSense Wiper System

Electronic automatic windshield wiper system that activates the wipers when water is detected on the windshield glass, and turns them off when water is no longer present.

Ramp Angle

An angle formed by lines adjacent to the static-loaded radius of the front and rear wheels intersecting at the point of the lowest ground clearance under the middle of the vehicle. Also known as Approach/Departure angles.

Rear seat HVAC with climate controls

Separate controls let passengers in the rear seats control their own temperature. Additional vents in the roof and floor provide each row with heating and cooling for greater comfort.

Rear spoiler

Designed to enhanced vehicle appearance, allowing for a sleek finish.

Rear suspension

An integral part of the total suspension system designed to keep the rear axle and wheels in their proper position under the car body, typically of two types; solid axle type and independent rear-suspension type.

Rear track width

Distance between the two rear tires, measured from their centers.

Rear Vision Camera System

Rear Vision Camera System This available feature automatically deploys when you shift into reverse providing an image of the area directly behind your vehicle.

Rear window defogger with manual shutoff and timed reset

Designed to help maintain visibility during inclement weather. And with manual shutoff and timed reset, your window will continuously clear for as long as you need it to.

Rearview Camera System

System that allows the driver to see stationary objects on their navigation screen when they are approaching them while backing up at low speeds. The system requires available navigation radio.

Registration fees

Registration fees generally include any use taxes, license plate costs, and other vehicle fees assessed by your state government. Registration fees are determined by your state department of motor vehicles, not automakers or vehicle retailers.

Remote Keyless Entry

Allows for one-touch locking and unlocking of the vehicle. The system also features a panic button that activates the horn, a content theft alarm, activation verification and illuminated entry.

Remote Vehicle Starter System

Remote device capable of starting a vehicle from up to 200 feet away, allowing the interior to be warmed up or cooled down by the climate control system, prior to entering the vehicle.

Residual value

The end of term value of the vehicle established at the beginning of the lease and used in calculating your base monthly payment. This value may be determined, whole or in part, by using residual value guidebooks (independently published value guides).

Retained accessory power

Provides power to windows, sunroof and accessories for up to 10 minutes after the engine is turned off or until the driver door is opened.

Retractable cargo area cover

Retractable cargo area cover The cargo-area cover provides a clean appearance from the exterior and increased security when closed. And for versatility, the cargo-area cover can be easily removed.

Road Rolling Resistance

A measure of the retarding effect of the road surface to the forward movement of the vehicle that varies with the type and condition of the road.

Rocker panels

That section of the vehicle body between the front and rear fenders and beneath the doors.

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Safety Cage construction

Made of reinforced steel with vertical pillars, a roof, and side-door beams, the safety cage is designed to help preserve occupant space in a collision. In addition, front and rear "crush zones" which frame the trunk and engine are designed to compress in a controlled manner in a collision, helping absorb the energy of the crash.

Seat-mounted side-impact air bags¹

Mounted in the outer bolsters of the front seats, seat-mounted side-impact air bags are designed to help reduce the risk of head injuries to front-seat occupants on the near side of certain side-impact collisions.

Seats, easy entry front sliding, high-sport bucket

Reclining with seatback pockets, active adjustable and removable head restraints with enhanced bolsters, driver lumbar and seat height adjuster.

Side Blind Zone Alert

Side Blind Zone Alert A safety system that uses alternating radar beams to sweep adjacent lanes of traffic in 150-degree arcs. If it detects a vehicle entering your blind spots, a visual alert will appear in your outside mirror.

Side slope capability

The percentage grade of a hill that the truck can traverse.

Side-window de-misters

Feature a separate defrost outlet designed to help keep your driver-side and passenger-side windows clear of condensation.

SmartBuy ®

SmartBuy is a purchase transaction available through dealerships and GMAC that's like a lease because monthly payments can be lower than with traditional financing. However, with SmartBuy, you own your vehicle. A balloon payment is due at the end of a SmartBuy contract, but there are several options - including paying the final balloon payment or simply returning the vehicle and paying a disposal fee, plus any applicable excess wear/mileage charges. SmartBuy is available in a limited number of states. Check with your dealer for SmartBuy availability.

SmartLease ®

SmartLease is a product available through dealerships and GMAC that allows you to pay only for the portion of the vehicle's value (depreciation) you expect to use over a period of time, plus a rent charge, taxes, and fees. You don't own the vehicle; you simply drive it for the term of your lease. At the end of your lease term, you may purchase the vehicle or return it.

Solar Ray® deep-tinted glass

Deep-tinted vehicle glass designed to filter out the sun's rays while still allowing good inward and outward visibility.

StabiliTrak^® Electronic Stability Control System

Provides increased vehicle control by continuously monitoring the car's steering angle, individual wheel speed, brake pressure, lateral acceleration and yaw rate. The information is then used to compare the direction the driver is steering with the vehicle's actual path, so the system can make the necessary corrections to help the driver keep the vehicle on path.

Steering Linkage Damper

A shock-absorber type device that connects the steering linkage to the framework of the vehicle and absorbs some of the road shock and dampens most of the vibrations.

Steering wheel-mounted audio and cruise controls

Steering wheel-mounted redundant radio controls put your favorite stations right at your fingertips, so you can keep your eyes and your attention fixed on the road.

Sway Bar

A bar on the suspension system that connects the two sides together. It is designed so that during cornering, forces on one wheel are shared by the other.

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Tax

Depending upon where you live, one or more taxes may be levied on your vehicle purchase. Sales tax, use tax, property tax, and other government fees might be applicable, so be sure to talk to your local department of motor vehicles or vehicle retailer if you have tax questions.

Theft-Deterrent System

Theft-deterrent system that uses radio frequency technology to match the proper key to your car. This in turn disables the fuel pump, immobilizing the vehicle and deterring would-be thieves.

Tilt and telescopic steering column

Mechanism that allows the driver to adjust the height and distance of the steering wheel for personal comfort and convenience.

Tire Load Capacity

The maximum recommended load that may be carried by the tires. Altering the size of the tires on a vehicle will have a direct bearing on the load that can be carried.

Tire Pressure Monitoring System

Using a sensor inside each wheel, the Tire Pressure Monitor System senses if a tire is losing air pressure and notifies the driver with a message in the Driver Information Center indicating when a tire is low. Tire Pressure Monitoring does not apply to spare tire.

Title

A legal document that shows ownership. Depending on your state of residency, the fee for the title and the time in which you must obtain title may vary.

Tonneau cover

Vinyl, plastic or fiberglass cover designed to protect the Truck bed cover or passenger area.

Torque

Measure of the amount of twisting effort exerted at the crankshaft of the engine, generally expressed in foot-pounds. When comparing engines, the engine with a higher torque rating will generally be better for towing or carrying heavy loads.

Torque converter ratio

The rate at which a torque converter multiplies engine torque.

Torsion Bar

Straight rod of spring steel that provides suspension support through resistance to twisting force (torsion).

Tow/Haul Mode

Transmission setting that adjusts shift points to reduce the likelihood of gear "hunting" while towing on steep grades.

Traction Control System

Applies brake pressure and decreases engine torque to help control wheel spin during acceleration on most types of road surfaces.

Trade-in value

Your trade-in value is how much your current vehicle is worth. This value may be higher or lower depending on the condition of your vehicle, equipment, and local market conditions.

TREMEC™ 6-speed manual transmission

One of the most durable manual transmissions in any car today; it can handle upwards of 600 hp in stock trim. It is used by many high performance vehicles, including the Cadillac CTS-V, and allows for quick, crisp gearbox shifts.

Trim level

Manufacturers often offer several tiers of option packages on a particular vehicle line. These tiers, or "trim levels," allow customers to choose options that best suit their requirements and budgets.

Trip computer

Resettable odometer that allows you to track miles traveled.

Tri-zone climate control

Tri-zone electronic climate control provides individualized electronic automatic temperature settings for the driver and front-seat passenger, as well as rear-seat passengers.

Turbo-charged engine

Gives the engine enhanced torque delivery, especially in the medium rev range resulting in rapid acceleration for fast overtaking.

Turning Radius

Half the distance across the smallest circle in which a truck will turn. Can be measured from the centerline of the outside front tire or the outside of the front bumper.

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Ultrasonic Rear Parking Assist

System that uses ultrasonic sensors located in the rear bumper to detect certain stationary objects up to 8 feet behind the vehicle while traveling in reverse at low speed. The system then provides audio and visual warnings as you approach, providing greater control when backing up or parallel parking.

UltraView™ sunroof

The UltraView sunroof offers 5.6 sq. ft. of unobstructed open space over the first- and second-row seating. It features smooth, quiet operation with express-open/close, as well as a power sunshade and a rear air-conditioning system.

Universal Home Remote®

Simple-to-use, three-channel programmable remote has the capacity to record transmitter codes for up to three remotely activated devices. It can also be programmed to operate a garage door opener.

Universal Joint

A joint connection in the drive line that permits the driving angle to change. Also known as U-joint.

Unsprung Weight

The vehicle weight not supported by the springs, including the steering knuckle, brake assembly, tire and wheel.

Upper Control Arm

A front-suspension component bolted to the frame between the pivoting attachment point on the vehicle-frame crossmember and the upper ball joint, which is fastened to its outer end having bushings that are attached to the control arm.

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Valvetrain

Collection of parts that make the valves operate, allowing fuel intake, compression and exhaust. Includes the camshaft(s) and all related drive components, and the various parts that convert the camshaft's rotary motion into reciprocating motion at the valves.

Variable Valve Timing (VVT)

Advanced engine technology that uses advanced electronics to constantly adjust the camshaft allowing the engine to operate at peak efficiency, maximizing horsepower and torque curves while helping to reduce emissions and improve fuel economy.

Vehicle type

The broad category into which a vehicle falls based on its physical and performance characteristics. Examples of vehicle types include sedans, SUVs, crossovers, and pickup trucks.

Vortec™ engine

Engines that are designed to deliver plenty of horsepower without sacrificing efficiency, impressive durability and low maintenance requirements.

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Warning chimes

Chimes sound for 12 different alerts, including: headlamps on, key in ignition, parking brake on, low fuel and turn signal left on.

Warranty

The guarantee extended to a vehicle owner from its manufacturer explaining what the owner can expect if a problem or defect should occur. Generally, a warranty document will explain the exact components covered and the duration of coverage in years and/or miles (usually whichever comes first).

Weight Distribution

The percentage of the vehicle gross weight on the front wheels and on the back wheels, or the percentage on each wheel.

Weight-to-Power Ratio

The ratio of a vehicle's weight to its horsepower.

Wheel Base

The distance from the center of the front wheels to the center of the rear wheels.

Wheel Offset

The distance between the centerline of the rim and the mounting plate of the wheel.

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Xenon (HID) headlamps

Xenon HID lighting systems use a special quartz bulb that is filled with xenon gas and produces three times the light output of standard halogen headlamps. The near-white light produced by HID headlamps improves visibility and makes it easier to see distant objects.

Xenon High Intensity Discharge (HID) headlamps

Xenon HID lighting systems use a special quartz bulb that is filled with xenon gas and produces three times the light output of standard halogen headlamps. The near-white light produced by HID headlamps improves visibility and makes it easier to see distant objects.

XM Radio®⁸

XM Radio is standard, including three trial months of service. XM turns your world on with commercial-free music channels from Rock to Jazz, Country to Classical, Latin Pop to Hip Hop, and virtually everything in between, all in amazing digital sound. Turn on your favorite Sports with every Major League Baseball(R) game from Opening Day until the World Series(R) NHL(R) Hockey, the PGA Tour(R) and college football and basketball. Plus, XM brings you the biggest names in news and talk, outrageous comedy, award-winning family programming -- wherever you go from coast to coast. Exclusive live concerts, Oprah & Friends(R), Radio Disney, and so much more. Find what turns you on.